“Doctors” was too specific, but the largest category of spending is hospitals (30%) followed by “physicians and clinical care” (20%), and 56% of hospital spending goes to healthcare worker salaries (presumably an even larger amount goes to salaries for non-hospital workers).
Healthcare spending being somewhat opaque is a completely different problem than government agencies taking bribes and using violence though. The breakdowns for where this money goes exist if you care to look for it, and you can try to solve the problem but it turns out that “obvious waste” isn’t one of the line items. Healthcare would be cheaper if we had fewer doctors, nurses and support staff, or paid them less, but we don’t do that because the average person doesn’t think that’s a good idea (for better or for worse), not because nurses will murder us if we cut their salaries.
I think you’re still talking about something different from government workers taking bribes and working with the mob. The Department of Making It Hard to Approve Drugs making it hard to approve drugs because they, like a majority of citizens in this country, think it should be hard to approve drugs is a problem but not the same problem as corruption.