I have perhaps 1000-1500 hours of meditation experience and have done a decent amount of psychedelics as well. I don’t think meditation has given me any understanding of the hard problem of consciousness. Meditation has helped me to see different possibilities in terms of content, shape, and phenomena within the conscious space, and perhaps helped me to understand the shape of it better, but I don’t really see it helping much to bridge the scientific/philosophical gap. Best I can say is that “yeah, it sort of feels like what Epistemic Depth Theory and probably Global Neuronal Workspace Theory would suggest.”
To actually get what you’re looking for, I think you’d need to do more studies on people who are experiencing different mental states, including those found in meditation, while using scientific instruments to probe the mind (fMRI, or BCIs—ideally much better ones than those that now exist). I think you’d need to do causal experiments specifically, not just correlational ones.
For that, you need those improved scientific instruments as well as people who are trained to interospect and report very fine-grained details of their experiences.
FWIW, I’m confused by the difference between Camp 1 and Camp 2. The crux seems to be the definition of “special.” My own views on consciousness are close to physicalism (which might be Camp 2?), but I do think solving the Meta-Problem of Consciousness to sufficient depth has a good chance of leading us to those physical correlates or generators of consciousness.
I’m not sure I entirely agree with the overall recommendation for researchers working on internals-based techniques. I do agree that findings will need to be behavioral initially in order to be legible and something that decision-makers find worth acting on.
My expectation is that internals-based techniques (including mech interp) and techniques that detect specific highly legible behaviors will ultimately converge. That is:
Internals/mech interp researchers will, as they have been so far at least in model organisms, find examples of concerning cognition that will be largely ignored or not acted on fully
Eventually, legible examples of misbehavior will be found, resulting in action or increased scrutiny
This scrutiny will then propagate backwards to finding causes or indicators of that misbehavior, and provided interp tools are indeed predictive, this path that has been developed in parallel will suddenly be much more worth paying attention to
Thus, I think it’s worth progressing on these internals-based techniques even if their use isn’t immediately apparent. When legible misbehaviors arrive, I expect internals-based detection or analysis to be more directly applicable.