I think 1, and 2 in only a limited sense. I suspect that moral weight is very close to linear for small changes, what 99% of historical humanity (and maybe 98% of future humanity) experience, but diverges greatly when talking about extremes. So “shut up and multiply” works just fine for individual human-scale decisions, and linear calculations do very well in daily life. But I don’t accept any craziness from bizarre thought experiments.
I think 1, and 2 in only a limited sense. I suspect that moral weight is very close to linear for small changes, what 99% of historical humanity (and maybe 98% of future humanity) experience, but diverges greatly when talking about extremes. So “shut up and multiply” works just fine for individual human-scale decisions, and linear calculations do very well in daily life. But I don’t accept any craziness from bizarre thought experiments.