The laws of physics are much simpler than the detailed structure of a given table
It is not practical to simulate everything down to the level of the laws of physics. In practice, you usually have to come up with much coarser models that can actually be computed within a reasonable time and most of the experimentation is needed to construct those models in the first place so that they align sufficiently with reality, and even then only in certain circumstances.
You could maybe use quantum mechanics to calculate the planetary orbits out for thousands of years, but it’s much simpler to use Newtonian mechanics for that, and that’s because the planetary motions happen to be easily modelable in that way, which however isn’t true for building rocket engines, or predicting the stock market or global politics.
The difference between humans and chimpanzees is purely one of imitation. Humans have evolved to sustain cultural evolution, by imitating existing culture and expanding upon it during a lifetime. Chimpanzees don’t imitate reliably enough to sustain this process and so their individual knowledge gains are mostly lost at death, but the individual intelligence of a human and a chimpanzee is virtually the same. A feral human child, that is, a human without human culture, does not behave more intelligently than a chimpanzee.
The slow accumulation of culture is what separated humans from chimpanzees. For AI to be to humans what humans are to chimps is not really possible because you either accumulate culture (knowledge) or you don’t. The only remaining distinction is one of speed. AI could accumulate a culture of its own, faster than humans. But how fast?