I’ve noticed that misinformative articles are usually wrong from the get-go: fact checking the very first claim in an article is highly predictive of how the rest of the piece will turn out (which is really interesting; I suppose it indicates that most such articles are preaching to a choir, so they don’t worry about roping people in carefully and trying not to trip BS detectors). Good-faith articles often contain errors, but rarely at the very start.
This shows up in articles about miscitation as well: https://twitter.com/ianhussey/status/1641745136785805314 To a considerable extent, it’s specific bad actors. I think this ‘recidivism’ style shows up in fraud too: there’s a substantial ‘ambient’ level of error, p-hacking, and so on, but then there’s that 1% who do a lot of bad stuff.
I’ve noticed that misinformative articles are usually wrong from the get-go: fact checking the very first claim in an article is highly predictive of how the rest of the piece will turn out (which is really interesting; I suppose it indicates that most such articles are preaching to a choir, so they don’t worry about roping people in carefully and trying not to trip BS detectors). Good-faith articles often contain errors, but rarely at the very start.
This shows up in articles about miscitation as well: https://twitter.com/ianhussey/status/1641745136785805314 To a considerable extent, it’s specific bad actors. I think this ‘recidivism’ style shows up in fraud too: there’s a substantial ‘ambient’ level of error, p-hacking, and so on, but then there’s that 1% who do a lot of bad stuff.
This is called Epistemic Spot Checking