All participating countries agree that this regime will be enforced within their spheres of influence and allow inspectors/representatives from other countries to help enforce it. All participating countries agree to punish severely anyone who is caught trying to secretly violate the agreement. For example, if a country turns out to have a hidden datacenter somewhere, the datacenter gets hit by ballistic missiles and the country gets heavy sanctions and demands to allow inspectors to pore over other suspicious locations, which if refused will lead to more missile strikes.
Participating countries can openly exit the agreement at any time (or perhaps, after giving one-month notice or something like that?). They just can’t secretly violate it. Also presumably if they openly exit it, everyone else will too.
If the preparations for this international agreement are not secret, I anticipate that this looks something like “Saudi Arabia announces that it will not be participating in the agreement, and all the companies that invested tens of billions of dollars each into GPUs move their server farms to SA before the agreement kicks in to avoid risking 90% of their extremely large capital investment”.
Of course the process of packing up all the GPUs, shipping them overseas, and setting up data centers and supporting infrastructure probably would delay AI progress by a month or two.
Also, it would be pretty rough to be Saudi Arabia harboring all that compute as a rogue state with the US and China against you. They could, for example, just demand that you join the treaty and destroy the compute, or else.
If the preparations for this international agreement are not secret, I anticipate that this looks something like “Saudi Arabia announces that it will not be participating in the agreement, and all the companies that invested tens of billions of dollars each into GPUs move their server farms to SA before the agreement kicks in to avoid risking 90% of their extremely large capital investment”.
Of course the process of packing up all the GPUs, shipping them overseas, and setting up data centers and supporting infrastructure probably would delay AI progress by a month or two.
Also, it would be pretty rough to be Saudi Arabia harboring all that compute as a rogue state with the US and China against you. They could, for example, just demand that you join the treaty and destroy the compute, or else.