Well, they’re the only two methods we’ve got that work, and people have been thinking about this for decades. So if there’s a third method, it’s beyond current understanding.
Notice that evolution by natural selection is consequentialist learning on a terribly slow timescale. The consequence is successful reproduction vs death, and you learn at most one bit per lifetime.
How do we know that these are the only two answers?
Well, they’re the only two methods we’ve got that work, and people have been thinking about this for decades. So if there’s a third method, it’s beyond current understanding.
Notice that evolution by natural selection is consequentialist learning on a terribly slow timescale. The consequence is successful reproduction vs death, and you learn at most one bit per lifetime.
Evolution also distinguishes between one and two progeny so it is not binary, but yeah, just a few bits per lifetime.