Request for Widely Applicable Quantitative Methods

I’m going to be competing in the Moody’s Mega Math Challenge, and I was wondering if there was anything in particular I should brush up on.

If you look at previous problems, you can see that they’re pretty varied. I want to know if there’s any widely applicable math that we could study (in a fairly short amount of time) to maximize the odds of us knowing something useful for the competition.

Our math backgrounds include:

  • Statistics (taught by a frequentist, mostly just probability theory and p, z, chi-squared, etc. tests)

  • Calculus (single variable and multivariable)

  • Linear Algebra

  • Numerical Methods

We’re also pretty competent at programming in various programming languages, and LaTeX.

Currently we’re looking into Causality by Judea Pearl, and Linear Programming. Should we look at these? Anything else we should know?

Edit:
I suppose we could also use a genetic algorithm, but those don’t seem particularly suited to the competition.