Notes on Patronage
If you are reading this post, odds are you are not actually someone who would self-identify as a creative type. But perhaps your way of thinking about the tension between job, career, and the actual work you think is important to do has much in common with the bind that creative types have been in since time immemorial, such that it could be useful to think in such a lens anyways. Now may be an unusually good time for people who have important work they want to do to familiarize themselves with patronesque frameworks, because many new patrons are about to come online, and many of them will think about the world in ways similar to you.
Like most creative types throughout history, all I want is to be able to work at what I think is important to work on without ever having to worry about money. Like most creative types throughout history, having not been born into a family of significant means, such a life is not by default available for me. Therefore, I will have to do what most creative types do throughout history, and compromise. I compromise in ways very similar to what creative types have done throughout history: I have job that pays the bills, and I cultivate relationships with patrons who sponsor my work.
Rembrandt, Michelangelo, Bernini: even those who were at the apex of their craft spent a lot of their working hours working on things that they didn’t care about, because that’s what their patrons wanted them to do (depict guys they didn’t give a shit about, in ways that required long term travel to miserable far-away locales if they were unlucky) or because it paid the bills (run an apprentice shop to train the next generation of artisans, instead of making art). It’s helpful to be calibrated on the amount of entitlement that you should feel. I am hardly a Rembrandt, why would I feel entitled to more of my own time than he did? If you do feel more entitled, you should be able to justify why.
An American socialist poster that I really like from the 70s says the following:
If you’re unemployed it’s not because there isn’t any work. Just look around: A housing shortage, crime, pollution, We need better schools and parks. Whatever our needs, they all require work. There’s work to be done… Yet, as long as employment is tied to somebody else’s profits, the work won’t get done.
You do not need to be a socialist to observe that there is often misalignment between the most well-paid jobs and the work that is the most important to do. Of course, there is the important work of aligning our civilization to aim more of the capital flows at the important stuff by default. But there is other important work that also need to be done in the meantime (other forms of alignment, say), that some patrons will be happy to fund you to do.Historically, my biggest patron has been the EA Infrastructure Fund (EAIF). I like their work, and I think they serve a really important function in the funding ecosystem as an entry point. But in general a large, corporate fund comprised of people you don’t know, with a vision or angle of their own, is not typically where the most talented creative types get funding for their work. This is because established talents have access to pockets of money that are not legible to the outside world like the EA Infrastructure Fund, and their funders are not soliciting applications.
Scott Alexander has been given unsolicited gifts from rich patrons, and also has a bunch of paid subscribers.
Zvi has anonymous patrons supporting his writing on a full-time basis, which is why he publishes five times a week.
I would wager that Scott and Zvi do not need to write biannual reports summarizing their works of the past two quarters and the impact that they have achieved in ways aligned to their funding, to their patrons, the way I do. (Probably they will have dinner together every so often and talk about it casually, though.) This is good; I think funding bodies like EAIF, SFF, and Coefficient Giving have reasonably good taste, but I do not trust them to have a better idea of what Scott and Zvi should write about than Scott and Zvi do.
At the beginning of your working life you will be clueless and inexperienced and thus you will not have good taste in what is actually the most important thing for you to do. When you are just starting out I think it is very wise to go to an established large grantmaker, see what sort of work they like funding, and then do that sort of work with their money. Institutional grantmakers are good early on partially because their constraints (reporting requirements, legibility demands) force you to articulate what you’re doing and why.
As you do that sort of work, you will become more competent and you will develop taste. You will develop a better handle of the work that you are unusually good at/can do much more competently than other people. So it becomes useful to increasingly ask two other questions:
What sort of anti-patterns does my current patron unintentionally select for, that preclude me from doing the work that I think is the most good to do?[1]
Are there patrons out there that are more aligned with what I consider to be good work?
If you believe that the work you do is good, your end goal should be to find patrons who are entirely aligned with you. Patrons are, by definition, eager to convert their spare resources into work. Because there is mutual trust, and mutual agreement on the kind of work that is pleasing and beneficial, they will give you funding and then largely get out the way. To find aligned patrons, you should do high quality work, and you should be legible about doing good work.
Personal patronage has its own distortion patterns that are different from, and not necessarily better than, institutional ones. Additionally, those patterns will be much more difficult to write about, for reasons analogous to these ones. It is ideal to enter into them with sufficient leverage and/or a satisfactory BATNA. You should only enter them with people you know and trust.
I have been hosting rationality and EA meetups in some form or another since 2019. From 2023 onwards, this work has been funded by the EA Infrastructure Fund, which has allowed me to dedicate more time to it. As I organized more things, my idea of what sorts of community building is most useful has diverged from the EA community writ large.
I still intend to run high quality, ~traditional EA events because this is still clearly important to do, and I will continue to apply for grants to run them. But they will be a smaller fraction of all events that I will run, and I will be asking for commensurately less funding. The other kinds of events I want to run are more experimental and illegible, and I am more excited about them. A good friend has given me $10,000 to start them up, with no strings attached save their own anonymity.
- ^
If you like your patron and they respect your input, you should consider dropping them a line about this.
- I spend a lot of my time thinking about what my soon-to-be patrons might want to fund.
- Recently this has been Anthropic employees, which is weird and stressful in a bunch of ways (“Anthropic employees” are not a single coalition; many are friends and asking them for money is icky; all are busy, and already being swarmed by other people seeking their money, and therefore defensive).
- But historically it’s also been various potential funders, maybe OP/CG as the biggest of them. Which, on reflection, feels a bit insane given that OP/CG have never actually funded any of my work (and mostly haven’t funded the people funding my work!)
- I also think I have a pretty good track record of just, doing the thing and believing that money will come. We shipped Manifold v0 before we got the first grant; Manifest and Mox were internally funded first.
- I’m really tempted to give advice like “do great work and the money will follow”, and it’s kind of true, but also maybe generates a lot of bycatch?
- Probably my biggest patron by total $ was FTX Future Fund. That’s probably part of why I’m so defensive of them, even now. Maybe, half of Manifund is just keeping the spirit of the Future Fund alive.
- One way to avoid the downsides of patronage is to go direct, make your own money. Substack is the classic example. (But then, paying subscribers on Substack or the general internet landscape has its own set of preferences and downsides)
As a patron myself?
- on a small scale, I do enjoy funding stuff (mostly weird software or meta projects)
- and institutionally, Manifund sponsoring Inkhaven is an (indirect) way of supporting the arts. (supporting the supporters of the arts, I guess)
- beyond money, there are other ways to support creators, which a lot of my recent career has been about. For example, building tools for them (Manifold), events (Manifest), and operational support (ACX Grants).
Patronage vs other funding mechanisms
- I get the feeling patronage is kinda “cool”. Emergent Ventures was cool, Erik Hoel has a writeup on it, it was cool when Gwern got $100k from some startup founder.
- Maybe like 2021-2023ish there was a lot more “no strings attached microgrants are awesome” discourse. Beyond FTX stuff this was ACX Grants, Francisco San, Moth Fund, AI Grants. It feels somewhat out of fashion now.
Funding writing, specifically: If you have money (and maybe, a lot of money), how should you cause good writing and art to exist?
- Most directly, you can do the kind of patronage Jenn talks about, give money directly to good writers. Somehow this seems a lot rarer than it ought to be? Is there a missing product or norm here?
- You can just commission pieces. (Many times, I’ve tried to hire people to write for the Manifold or Manifund substack. Mysteriously this hasn’t worked out that well eg, no essay that hit top of Hacker News).
- Another approach is to farm writers. Get a bunch of people writing at once, and see the winners. Which is the Inkhaven or other residency/fellowship/batch approach.
- Another is to start a journal or publishing outfit. Stripe Press, Asterisk Mag, Asimov Press.
- Orgs can also just sponsor fulltime writers. Sometimes this is a “fellow”, loosely affiliated. (Anthropic/OpenAI writing fellowship when?)
- Some thinktanks are just orgs that just write, Forethought, Institute for Progress feels like this.
- Unfortunately a lot of great writing is locked in the heads of people who have extremely high opportunity costs. It seems like OpenPhil basically just paid Joe Carlsmith to write stuff for a while, which seemed great. Also somehow Holden Karnofsky stopped running OP to write stuff for a while, which also seemed great. I’m always happy when Oli Habryka takes a break from running Lightcone to drop some new essays. (see also https://aarongertler.com/too-good/.)
- And essay competitions are a thing, ofc.
Essay competitions:
- Writing has the nice property of being cheap to assess, which is possibly why competitions are a reasonable structure
- EA is somehow: blessed with an abundance of great writers, and also really into prizes/competitions, and also has a terrible track record of the competitions working well. IMO, the Blog Building fellowship fell apart for ??? reasons, Cause Exploration Prizes didn’t turn out anything good, the best EA Fiction Contest submission was written by a judge. The best EA Red Teaming entries were not really submitted for the competition, iirc they were Scott’s and Holden’s.
- (though, it sure seems like I’m just anchored to my existing favorite writers)
- Lesswrong does a cool yearly “best of” retrospective voting/judging thing of writing from 2 years ago? Maybe that’s the true good cadence to judge things on.
this braindump brought to you by the MANIFUND ESSAY PRIZE https://manifund.org/essay, submit by Fri Apr 24!
what you have in quotes is literally a passage I had in a draft, stared at for 30 seconds, and then removed
endorsed; my funding for work I find important is >50% self-funded. Some things are genuinely very inconvenient to fund and illegible! I am paying more rent for a nicer place in Toronto so I have access to a better default event venue. But it’s hard to get anyone to give you money to uh live in a nicer house.
multiple (like, 2-3) people in my cohort of Inkhaven had a habit of submitting the best stuff to HN for karma, because they liked HN karma. My suspicion is that no one is doing this in Inkhaven 2, nor in most blog writing retreats. There should be someone whose job it is to read all the posts and post the top 5% or something like that. If you want to make it in the world as a writer you will need to come to terms with the fact that you will occasionally go viral, so my hot take is that you should not be able to opt out of having your work posted and going viral. (I would have said no to additional visibility on certain pieces, and this would have been incorrect.)
unless the writers already want to write about the very precise thing you want them to write about, it’s actually no fun at all to write. that’s why the LW best of is much better. people thought that this job posting would be almost exactly my bag, but I much prefer my current job!
“Important” by whose lights? I’m not saying our market economy always incentivizes the work I think is most important, but that’s relative to my opinion about what’s most important. I bristle a bit when I see sentences like this because they smuggle in an assumption that it’s obvious what’s most important to do. In fact, the market is providing some measure of importance, just as my opinion is, and it’s not clear if the market, my opinion, someone else’s opinion, or the aggregate opinion of the populace (however that might be measured in some meaningful way that’s different from the aggregation the market already provides) will, on reflection, result in better outcomes for what I and others care about.
In terms of allocating scarce goods, I agree that the market economy is pretty decent, but it also has known failure modes that I’m sure you’re familiar with. One of them is that certain things, such as childrearing, or work on repealing the Jones Act, are undervalued by the market because no one on the other side of the transaction captures enough of the value to pay accordingly. Angela Davis cheekily asks how much less productive our economy would be if our workers were not potty trained.
When it comes to things like reproductive labour and childrearing, I also think it’s hard to get the market to not undervalue those things without capturing them more (ie subjecting them more to market dynamics), and I don’t want them to be more captured, so there really aren’t any good moves here imo.
When it comes to repealing the Jones Act, Balsa Research is soliciting patrons.