This paper shows that a firm can use the purchase price and the fine imposed on detected payment evaders to discriminate between unobservable consumer types.
In effect, payment evasion allows the firm to discriminate the prices of physically homogenous products: Regular consumers pay the regular price, whereas payment evaders face the expected fine. That is, payment evasion leads to a peculiar form of price discrimination where the regular price exceeds the expected fine (otherwise there would be no payment evasion).
Idk, but there seem to be papers on this.
Payment Evasion (Buehler 2017)
https://ux-tauri.unisg.ch/RePEc/usg/econwp/EWP-1435.pdf