Not in the relevant sense. Most bar exams require a J.D. (i.e. graduation from law school). Exceptions exist (California is one example), but the norm is so strong that most people capable of passing the bar exam without law school choose to attend law school anyway to avoid the social resistance.
Does the bar exam not count as a significant non-university certification?
Not in the relevant sense. Most bar exams require a J.D. (i.e. graduation from law school). Exceptions exist (California is one example), but the norm is so strong that most people capable of passing the bar exam without law school choose to attend law school anyway to avoid the social resistance.