Interesting. I still claim that’s what emerges from the last two paragraphs of your comment, regardless of your disagreement, so maybe there’s some clarification you can offer me? The “that’s different” that you’re gesturing at between the newcomer and the existing member seems to me to be that the existing member is now familiar enough with the norms to actually be able to question them intelligently.
My only other hypothesis is that it’s something about having contributed enough to be net positive, which newcomers rarely have, but that seems orthogonal to truth about which norms are good (and thus just a heuristic rather than an epistemically defensible stance).
My only other hypothesis is that it’s something about having contributed enough to be net positive, which newcomers rarely have, but that seems orthogonal to truth about which norms are good (and thus just a heuristic rather than an epistemically defensible stance).
It may or may not be (I don’t take any position on this, for now) orthogonal to the truth about which norms are good, but it sure is not orthogonal to someone’s right to question which norms are good! (“Right”, here, encompassing “expectation that their questions will be taken seriously, and responded to, instead of being ignored or rebuffed”.)
The “that’s different” that you’re gesturing at between the newcomer and the existing member seems to me to be that the existing member is now familiar enough with the norms to actually be able to question them intelligently.
Not at all! Not at all, and indeed this really has nothing whatever to do with the critical issue, which is simply whether someone is or is not a member of the group.
What determines membership, you ask? Why, nothing more than the group’s acceptance.
Now, it’s entirely possible (and certainly commonplace) that a group’s criteria for accepting someone as a member includes things like “how well does this person understand our norms”, and “how much has this person contributed to our purpose and efforts”, and other things along such lines. But those are criteria for acceptance; they do not constitute acceptance. These criteria are rarely sufficient, and they need not even be necessary.
Ultimately, the disconnect is this: both of your interpretations involve standards that a prospective member may meet merely through their own efforts. Under such a view, there are Rules, there are Criteria, and once you’ve followed the rules and met the criteria—which, again, depend only on what you do—you are automatically In. And once you’re In, you can say “well, as an X, I now put to all you other Xes the question of how we, Xes, should do things; and perhaps we should do things differently…”
And I am saying: no, the key element is whether the group has decided that yes, you are one of us. That judgment is the heart of the matter. Once the group has judged that you should be accepted, once they have decided that you are now In—well, now you have been granted the right to question the norms. Until then, your challenge to the prevailing norms imposes no obligation on the group’s members to answer it.
Related to this, of course, are notions such as provisional membership (“you’re In—temporarily; by your actions henceforth we will judge you, and decide, at the close of the appointed period, whether you’re to be In permanently”), seniority/veteranhood (“the longer someone has been one of us, and/or the more they have contributed to our purpose, the more weight their word carries”), honorary membership (“you’re not one of us, and perhaps you have no wish to be or never can be, and that is fine; nonetheless we judge that you understand us well enough, or you have done enough for us, or both, that we take your comments on our norms, and your challenges to us, as seriously as we would the comments and challenges of a member”), etc.
When you make human (collective) judgment the essential criterion for group membership (or for anything else), the result is that the objective-criteria-in-practice can be much more complicated than they could be otherwise (complicated as in “difficult to compactly specify beforehand”, and also as in “difficult to precisely/losslessly characterize afterward”).
Now, we are all familiar with the myriad ways in which this fact may be used for evil, or can have unfortunate results even with the best of intentions; and much has been written about this. But it is rather less frequently acknowledged that this dynamic may also be used for good; which is unfortunate, because it seems to me that this is a tool which no community-builder’s toolbox ought to be without.
To relate this back to the parent comment, consider a criterion of group membership roughly along these lines:
“One should not be made a member who, if admitted, is likely to question, and attempt to change, the group’s norms.”
Now, this is (at least in principle) entirely orthogonal to whether someone understands a group’s norms, whether someone has contributed to the group, etc. Someone may meet those criteria, and yet fail to meet this one. One can imagine many similar criteria!
Note that this criterion, and many others like it, have this quality: that speaking them aloud, creating public knowledge of them, can result in loss of status for the group. The group is therefore better off if this criterion is not publicized; this is superior both to the case where the criterion is present and known publicly, and to the case where it’s absent. But having hidden membership criteria in addition to publicly known ones is also deleterious (for various reasons, most of them obvious); and so the best case seems to be the one where all criteria are hidden. But being publicly known to have specified-but-secret membership criteria is also dangerous for status (and other) reasons, so the solution (discovered independently, with some regularity, by innumerable groups in human history) is to hide all objective membership criteria behind the veil of subjective collective judgment. (And this, too, has its problems; no one one said community-building would be easy…)
Interesting. I still claim that’s what emerges from the last two paragraphs of your comment, regardless of your disagreement, so maybe there’s some clarification you can offer me? The “that’s different” that you’re gesturing at between the newcomer and the existing member seems to me to be that the existing member is now familiar enough with the norms to actually be able to question them intelligently.
My only other hypothesis is that it’s something about having contributed enough to be net positive, which newcomers rarely have, but that seems orthogonal to truth about which norms are good (and thus just a heuristic rather than an epistemically defensible stance).
It may or may not be (I don’t take any position on this, for now) orthogonal to the truth about which norms are good, but it sure is not orthogonal to someone’s right to question which norms are good! (“Right”, here, encompassing “expectation that their questions will be taken seriously, and responded to, instead of being ignored or rebuffed”.)
Not at all! Not at all, and indeed this really has nothing whatever to do with the critical issue, which is simply whether someone is or is not a member of the group.
What determines membership, you ask? Why, nothing more than the group’s acceptance.
Now, it’s entirely possible (and certainly commonplace) that a group’s criteria for accepting someone as a member includes things like “how well does this person understand our norms”, and “how much has this person contributed to our purpose and efforts”, and other things along such lines. But those are criteria for acceptance; they do not constitute acceptance. These criteria are rarely sufficient, and they need not even be necessary.
Ultimately, the disconnect is this: both of your interpretations involve standards that a prospective member may meet merely through their own efforts. Under such a view, there are Rules, there are Criteria, and once you’ve followed the rules and met the criteria—which, again, depend only on what you do—you are automatically In. And once you’re In, you can say “well, as an X, I now put to all you other Xes the question of how we, Xes, should do things; and perhaps we should do things differently…”
And I am saying: no, the key element is whether the group has decided that yes, you are one of us. That judgment is the heart of the matter. Once the group has judged that you should be accepted, once they have decided that you are now In—well, now you have been granted the right to question the norms. Until then, your challenge to the prevailing norms imposes no obligation on the group’s members to answer it.
Related to this, of course, are notions such as provisional membership (“you’re In—temporarily; by your actions henceforth we will judge you, and decide, at the close of the appointed period, whether you’re to be In permanently”), seniority/veteranhood (“the longer someone has been one of us, and/or the more they have contributed to our purpose, the more weight their word carries”), honorary membership (“you’re not one of us, and perhaps you have no wish to be or never can be, and that is fine; nonetheless we judge that you understand us well enough, or you have done enough for us, or both, that we take your comments on our norms, and your challenges to us, as seriously as we would the comments and challenges of a member”), etc.
+1 for responding to a request for more models with really thorough and clear models. Thanks.
Addendum to my comment:
When you make human (collective) judgment the essential criterion for group membership (or for anything else), the result is that the objective-criteria-in-practice can be much more complicated than they could be otherwise (complicated as in “difficult to compactly specify beforehand”, and also as in “difficult to precisely/losslessly characterize afterward”).
Now, we are all familiar with the myriad ways in which this fact may be used for evil, or can have unfortunate results even with the best of intentions; and much has been written about this. But it is rather less frequently acknowledged that this dynamic may also be used for good; which is unfortunate, because it seems to me that this is a tool which no community-builder’s toolbox ought to be without.
To relate this back to the parent comment, consider a criterion of group membership roughly along these lines:
“One should not be made a member who, if admitted, is likely to question, and attempt to change, the group’s norms.”
Now, this is (at least in principle) entirely orthogonal to whether someone understands a group’s norms, whether someone has contributed to the group, etc. Someone may meet those criteria, and yet fail to meet this one. One can imagine many similar criteria!
Note that this criterion, and many others like it, have this quality: that speaking them aloud, creating public knowledge of them, can result in loss of status for the group. The group is therefore better off if this criterion is not publicized; this is superior both to the case where the criterion is present and known publicly, and to the case where it’s absent. But having hidden membership criteria in addition to publicly known ones is also deleterious (for various reasons, most of them obvious); and so the best case seems to be the one where all criteria are hidden. But being publicly known to have specified-but-secret membership criteria is also dangerous for status (and other) reasons, so the solution (discovered independently, with some regularity, by innumerable groups in human history) is to hide all objective membership criteria behind the veil of subjective collective judgment. (And this, too, has its problems; no one one said community-building would be easy…)