I do not have a full solution to this, but my intuition says this: Suppose that it is ethical to employ your neighbor under certain conditions, and that you are already doing that. Then you find out that the average wage in Pooristan is 10 times lower than in your country. Ignoring the effect on your neighbor who may become unemployed when his job is outsourced, I would probably say that:
It is morally neutral to hire a person from Pooristan to work under exactly the same conditions, only for 10% of the salary you would offer in your country.
The right thing to do is to hire a person from Pooristan to work under exactly the same conditions for maybe 20% of your local salary. That way, you share the profit from the international trade. Note that you still profit a lot from this arrangement.
It is an exploitation to leverage this situation into offering worse working conditions, such as longer hours, health-damaging workplace, or abusing your employees in some other way.
I do not have a full solution to this, but my intuition says this: Suppose that it is ethical to employ your neighbor under certain conditions, and that you are already doing that. Then you find out that the average wage in Pooristan is 10 times lower than in your country. Ignoring the effect on your neighbor who may become unemployed when his job is outsourced, I would probably say that:
It is morally neutral to hire a person from Pooristan to work under exactly the same conditions, only for 10% of the salary you would offer in your country.
The right thing to do is to hire a person from Pooristan to work under exactly the same conditions for maybe 20% of your local salary. That way, you share the profit from the international trade. Note that you still profit a lot from this arrangement.
It is an exploitation to leverage this situation into offering worse working conditions, such as longer hours, health-damaging workplace, or abusing your employees in some other way.