“What makes this transition particularly hard to resist is that pressures on each societal system bleed into the others. For example, we might attempt to use state power and cultural attitudes to preserve human economic power. However, the economic incentives for companies to replace humans with AI will also push them to influence states and culture to support this change, using their growing economic power to shape both policy and public opinion, which will in turn allow those companies to accrue even greater economic power.”
This all gets easier the smaller the society is. Coordination problems get harder the more parties involved. There will be pressure from motivated people to make the smallest viable colony in terms of people, which makes it easier to resist such things. For example there is much less effective cultural influence from the AI culture if the colony is founded by a small group of people with shared human affirming culture. Even if 99% of the state they come from is disempowered if small numbers can leave, they can create their own culture and set it up to be resistant to such things. Small groups of people have left decaying cultures throughout history and founded greater empires.
Things the OP is concerned about like
This all gets easier the smaller the society is. Coordination problems get harder the more parties involved. There will be pressure from motivated people to make the smallest viable colony in terms of people, which makes it easier to resist such things. For example there is much less effective cultural influence from the AI culture if the colony is founded by a small group of people with shared human affirming culture. Even if 99% of the state they come from is disempowered if small numbers can leave, they can create their own culture and set it up to be resistant to such things. Small groups of people have left decaying cultures throughout history and founded greater empires.