tied so intimately to … (the easy problem, not the hard one), that one would hope that a new approach to one...
The diverse use of the word “one” in this sentence makes it amusingly perplexing on the first read or two (at least, for a non-native speaker such as Y.T.) :)
The diverse use of the word “one” in this sentence makes it amusingly perplexing on the first read or two (at least, for a non-native speaker such as Y.T.) :)