I think it’s right to say that it’s not always possible to show that two programs are equivalent.
However, it is very often possible to do so for real functions—in fact far more often than not. So real options for optimization don’t appear to be much constrained by this.
I think it’s right to say that it’s not always possible to show that two programs are equivalent.
However, it is very often possible to do so for real functions—in fact far more often than not. So real options for optimization don’t appear to be much constrained by this.