What about (2′): “do associational studies, but try to implement assumptions needed for g methods to work via study design.” That is, make sure exposures are given only given the observed past, there isn’t interference by construction, etc.
What about (2′): “do associational studies, but try to implement assumptions needed for g methods to work via study design.” That is, make sure exposures are given only given the observed past, there isn’t interference by construction, etc.