What you have labeled anthropic reasoning is actually straight-up Bayesian reasoning. Wikipedia has an article on the problem, but only discusses the Bayesian approach briefly and with no depth. Jaynes also talks about it early in PT:LOS. In any event, to see the logic of the math, just write down the likelihood function and any reasonable prior.
What you have labeled anthropic reasoning is actually straight-up Bayesian reasoning. Wikipedia has an article on the problem, but only discusses the Bayesian approach briefly and with no depth. Jaynes also talks about it early in PT:LOS. In any event, to see the logic of the math, just write down the likelihood function and any reasonable prior.