whether the problem is only microsleeps or whether things like impulsivity or reaction time also contribute.
There’s a thing called the Psychomotor Vigilance Task, which when I did it during a sleep deprivation experiment (ten years ago) showed both an increase in reaction time and increase in ‘lapses’ (not responding to the light quickly enough). I suspect that worse reaction time would contribute significantly (note that responding to things later means you need to respond to them more harshly, which causes problems of its own).
There’s a thing called the Psychomotor Vigilance Task, which when I did it during a sleep deprivation experiment (ten years ago) showed both an increase in reaction time and increase in ‘lapses’ (not responding to the light quickly enough). I suspect that worse reaction time would contribute significantly (note that responding to things later means you need to respond to them more harshly, which causes problems of its own).