Is the trick with problem 1 that what you are really doing, by using a simulation, is having an agent use timeless decision theory in a context where they can’t use timeless decision theory? The simulated agent doesn’t know about the external agent. Or, you could say, it’s impossible for it to be timeless; the directionality of time (simulation first, external agent moves second) is enforced in a way that makes it impossible for the simulated agent to reason across that time barrier. Therefore it’s not fair to call what it decides “timeless decision theory”.
Is the trick with problem 1 that what you are really doing, by using a simulation, is having an agent use timeless decision theory in a context where they can’t use timeless decision theory? The simulated agent doesn’t know about the external agent. Or, you could say, it’s impossible for it to be timeless; the directionality of time (simulation first, external agent moves second) is enforced in a way that makes it impossible for the simulated agent to reason across that time barrier. Therefore it’s not fair to call what it decides “timeless decision theory”.