I used to TA a class whose covert purpose was teaching students how to think. The class encouraged everyone to use resources like Wikipedia whenever they didn’t know something, so that it could focus on things more interesting than merely gathering information. That class tried to get everyone to think about things, to use their existing knowledge to solve types of problems they’d never seen before, and to learn in a way that went way beyond memorizing facts and regurgitating them on the test. If the class covered probability, it would make students analyze card games or the lottery. If it reviewed trigonometry, students would have to derive some identities. In the labs, they had to write computer programs. And so on.
Many (most?) of the students were actively pissed off by this. Why were their questions to the professor answered with helpful links to Wikipedia or someone’s lecture slides, or a web page? Why did the class refuse to tell them exactly what they’d need to commit to memory to get a good grade on the tests? It went against everything they’d come to expect from “education”. And the computer programming was especially maddening; they couldn’t just pattern-match their way through it without thinking.
It was a required class for all freshmen in electrical engineering, and a lot of the graduating seniors said it had been one of the most valuable classes they’d taken. Not because of the material it covered, but because it had shaken them out of the bad habits they’d been given in high school “to prepare them for college.” It was an uncomfortable process for them at the time, though.
I do give them assigned due dates, actually; I just make it clear to everyone that I’ll accept arbitrarily late work without penalty. I make a show of collecting papers on the date they’re due. About 80--90% of the students turn in their work on the due date.
Adding to the incentive scheme here is the fact that the classwork builds on earlier work, so if they just procrastinate for a few weeks, they’ll be in a pretty dire situation. If they have to go see a funeral or a concert, or they’ve been really busy some week with exams or a big project for another class, or whatever, then my method gives them enough flexibility for that, but the great majority of people do not procrastinate the way you might predict.
I guess you could call this system “obviously fictitious due dates”. Everybody knows that the due dates are made of handwaving and rainbows, but that doesn’t make them much less effective. And this way I don’t have to listen to any damn excuses, and my students don’t have to think of any; I just smile and recommend catching up before next week.