If people weren’t around, then “snow is white” would still be a true sentence, but it wouldn’t be physically embodied anywhere (in quoted form). If we want to depict the quoted sentence, the easiest way to do that is to depict its physical embodiment.
purge
If we know that there’s a burglar, then we think that either an alarm or a recession caused it; and if we’re told that there’s an alarm, we’d conclude it was less likely that there was a recession, since the recession had been explained away.
Should that be “since the burglar had been explained away”? Or am I confused?
Edit: I was confused. The burglar was explained; the recession was explained away.
If α is smaller it’s less than half-silvered, and if α is bigger it’s more than half-silvered.
Just a nit, but isn’t this backwards? Less silvering means less reflection and more transmission, but this first diagram labels the transmitted amplitude as α, not the reflected amplitude.
But the typical use of NDAs is notably different from the typical use of blackmail, isn’t it? Even though in principle they could be used in all the same situations, they’re aren’t used that way in practice. Doesn’t that make it reasonable to treat them differently?
So “no manipulation” or “maintaining human free will” seems to require a form of indifference: we want the AI to know how its actions affect our decisions, but not take that influence into account when choosing those actions.
I think the butler can take that influence into account in making its choices, but still reduce its manipulativity by explaining to Petrov what it knows about how breakfast will affect Petrov’s later choices. When they’re on equal epistemic footing, Petrov can also take that information into account, and perhaps choose to deliberately resist the influence of breakfast, if he doesn’t endorse it. Of course, there are limits to how much explanation is possible across a substantial intelligence gap between AI and people, so this doesn’t dissolve manipulation entirely.
I’d like to be able to look through my list of posts and feel content that each and every one is something that I put into the world because I am really proud of it and it deserves to be there, but that mindset just leads me to the catch-22.
Another reason to be less strict about quality before publishing: you’re not a perfect judge of the quality of your own work. Sometimes your writing is better than you think it is, and filtering too hard means that some good writing won’t be published. If you don’t lose any of your bets, you’re not taking enough risks.
I haven’t seen that documentary, but I’d guess it’s about the gripping language. (If not, then there are multiple such languages in the world, even better!)
Not related to the main idea, but the point of os.path.join is to combine path elements using whichever delimiter the OS requires (”/” on Unix, “\” on Windows, etc., even though Windows in particular can also handle ”/”). If you don’t care about that portability, you might as well use normal string concatenation. Or if you’re using os.path.join, you might as well omit the ”/” delimiters in your string literals to get extra portability.
[Question] How long should I delay my second shot?
On the other hand, B is about the skin color of the residents of the area by their sensitivity for the wavelength of 305mn.
The source you linked to says something different:
The coefficient of variation (CoV) for UVB (Fig. 9.1B) is strongly associated with its seasonal nature outside of the tropics
So that’s the standard deviation divided by the mean, all calculated purely from UVB levels throughout the year, not from skin color.
Even if the map were based on skin color, that still wouldn’t point to rapid evolution unless they excluded Australians of European descent. Otherwise, if you tell me that lighter-skinned people living in Australia tend to live farther from the equator, well… sure, that’s where I’d expect the British to settle.
I take D3 as well, though I didn’t know about the link between the timing of it and sleep, so thanks for that. I’ll switch to taking it in the morning.
I had thought you were arguing for strong selection pressure based on variation in pigmentation among aboriginal Australians compared to their latitude within Australia. The map doesn’t support that (in Australia or South America), since it has nothing to do with skin color.
If instead you’re arguing for pressure based on aboriginal Australians quickly becoming darker-skinned than their southeast Asian ancestors, then that doesn’t point to the importance of vitamin D. It points to the importance of not getting skin cancer. Rapid evolution of lighter skin would point to the importance of vitamin D. I suppose if the southeast Asian ancestors of aboriginal Australians had similar pigmentation to modern aboriginal Australians (maybe due to rapid migration from Africa? I don’t know), and if those who remained in southeast Asia developer lighter skin in that time, then that argument could work. But do we know what sort of skin tone the Asian ancestors of aboriginal Australians had?
on the coin being heads-biased, on it being tails-biased, and on it being tails-biased
1⁄3 on it being fair.
Also seemingly reversed:
A lot of folks, it seems to me, focus a lot on the content
My current understanding is that masks work by keeping you from spreading virus. If you don’t have the virus, wearing a mask is useless.
That’s an overstatement, by my understanding. Masks are better at stopping outgoing germs than incoming ones, but they still do some good for both directions.
What military recruits are you talking about? I didn’t see any reference to the military.
It’s not that I “don’t believe in Evidence-Based Medicine”, it’s that you didn’t mention in your first comment that your were talking about a different study, so I really didn’t know what you were talking about. Thanks for giving the link.
The Marine study doesn’t address the effects of masks. Both the participants and nonparticipants wore masks. The actual difference between those groups was that the participants were asked about symptoms, tested, and isolated if positive at day 0, 7, and 14, versus only on day 14 for nonparticipants. It gives us some (unsurprising) evidence that surveillance testing and isolation helps: on day 14, at least 11/1760 (0.6%) and possibly as many as 22/1847 (1.2%) participants were positive, compared to 26/1554 (1.7%) nonparticipants. Unfortunately the reporting is not great, so we don’t know exactly how many participants were positive on day 14. And this is pretty weak evidence: we don’t know how many of the nonparticipants would have tested positive at day 0, so it’s hard to say how much of the day-14 difference was due to weeding out infected participants versus the participants possibly starting with a lower infection rate.
Correction: for participants on day 14, it was somewhere between 11 and 33 out of 1847 (0.6%-1.8%). Not that it makes much of a difference.
The most important bit here is not “double-layered”; it’s “all recruits”. There was no unmasked group for comparison, so this study tells us nothing about mask effectiveness beyond “some people still got infected, so they’re less than 100% effective”.
Two teams of two players (strong + weak vs. medium + medium) is fairly common, I think. It’s called ren go. But 2 vs. 1 would be different—the team of 2 players would be handicapped not just by the weaker player, but also by the lack of communication. This is a possible way to handicap, sure, but it can’t be tuned as precisely as komi or even star-point handicap stones. Precision is an important consideration for handicapping.
I’ve also seen another method where two players of unequal strength played an even game, but a stronger third player teamed up with the weakest player. They didn’t communicate, and didn’t alternate turns within their team—instead, the strong player was allotted a certain number of stones at the beginning of the game. Then when he spotted an especially big mistake by the weaker player, he could spend a stone to correct that move. This might be categorized like asymmetric time controls: the weaker player gets more resources.
Beliefs should pay rent, check. Arguments about truth are not just a matter of asserting privilege, check. And yet… when we do have floating beliefs, then our arguments about truth are largely a matter of asserting privilege. I missed that connection at first.