Sure. Here’s a graph from wikipedia with global fertility rate projections, with global rate dropping below replacement around 2040. (Note that replacement is slightly above 2 because people sometimes die before reproducing—wikipedia gives 2.1 as a typical number for replacement rate.)
Here’s another one from wikipedia with total population, most likely peaking after 2050.
On the budget, here’s an old chart from Nate Silver for US government spending specifically:
For Chinese GDP, there’s some decent answers on this quora question about how soon Chinese GDP per capita will catch up to the US. (Though note that I do not think Chinese GDP per capita will catch up to the US by 2040 - just to other first world countries, most of which have much lower GDP per capita than the US. For instance EU was around $36k nominal in 2019, vs $65k nominal for the US in 2019.) You can also eyeball this chart of historical Chinese GDP growth:
Sure. Here’s a graph from wikipedia with global fertility rate projections, with global rate dropping below replacement around 2040. (Note that replacement is slightly above 2 because people sometimes die before reproducing—wikipedia gives 2.1 as a typical number for replacement rate.)
Here’s another one from wikipedia with total population, most likely peaking after 2050.
On the budget, here’s an old chart from Nate Silver for US government spending specifically:
The post in which that chart appeared has lots more useful info.
For Chinese GDP, there’s some decent answers on this quora question about how soon Chinese GDP per capita will catch up to the US. (Though note that I do not think Chinese GDP per capita will catch up to the US by 2040 - just to other first world countries, most of which have much lower GDP per capita than the US. For instance EU was around $36k nominal in 2019, vs $65k nominal for the US in 2019.) You can also eyeball this chart of historical Chinese GDP growth: