the benefits you listed (except the last one, “If the moral mode can be applied to one’s relationship to reality in general”, which I don’t understand)
See the comments here on the psychological meaning of “kingship”. That’s one aspect of the “relationship to reality” I had in mind. If you subtract from consideration all notions of responsibility towards other people, are all remaining motivations fundamentally hedonistic in nature, or is there a sense in which you could morally criticize what you were doing (or not doing), even if you were the only being that existed?
There is a tendency, in discussions here and elsewhere about ethics, choice, and motivation, either to reduce everything to pleasure and pain, or to a functionalist notion of preference which makes no reference to subjective states at all. Eliezer advocates a form of moral realism (since he says the word “should” has an objective meaning), but apparently the argument depends on behavior (in the real world, you’d pull the child on the train tracks out of harm’s way) and on the hypothesized species-universality of the relevant cognitive algorithms. But that doesn’t say what is involved in making the judgment, or in making the meta-judgment about how you would act. Subjectively, are we to think of such judgments as arising from emotional reactions (e.g. basic emotions like disgust or fear)? It leaves open the question of whether there is a distinctive moral modality—a mode of perception or intuition—and my further question would be whether it only applies to other people (or to relations between you the individual and other people), or whether it can ever apply to yourself in isolation. In culture, I see a tendency to regard choices about how to live (that don’t impact on other people) as aesthetic choices rather than ethical choices.
See the comments here on the psychological meaning of “kingship”. That’s one aspect of the “relationship to reality” I had in mind. If you subtract from consideration all notions of responsibility towards other people, are all remaining motivations fundamentally hedonistic in nature, or is there a sense in which you could morally criticize what you were doing (or not doing), even if you were the only being that existed?
There is a tendency, in discussions here and elsewhere about ethics, choice, and motivation, either to reduce everything to pleasure and pain, or to a functionalist notion of preference which makes no reference to subjective states at all. Eliezer advocates a form of moral realism (since he says the word “should” has an objective meaning), but apparently the argument depends on behavior (in the real world, you’d pull the child on the train tracks out of harm’s way) and on the hypothesized species-universality of the relevant cognitive algorithms. But that doesn’t say what is involved in making the judgment, or in making the meta-judgment about how you would act. Subjectively, are we to think of such judgments as arising from emotional reactions (e.g. basic emotions like disgust or fear)? It leaves open the question of whether there is a distinctive moral modality—a mode of perception or intuition—and my further question would be whether it only applies to other people (or to relations between you the individual and other people), or whether it can ever apply to yourself in isolation. In culture, I see a tendency to regard choices about how to live (that don’t impact on other people) as aesthetic choices rather than ethical choices.
Mostly I have questions rather than answers here.