With how I use the language, I’d call your examples A and B both tasks of “predicting”. I view predicting as distinct from learning in that predicting deals with the future, whereas learning deals with synthesizing data about the past.
When I hunt for examples of what I call “learning” that hinge on deciding, the results I find are of the subset of learning that I call experimentation. For instance, to learn whether peaches will grow in my yard, I planted a peach tree and then will observe it for several years.
With how I use the language, I’d call your examples A and B both tasks of “predicting”. I view predicting as distinct from learning in that predicting deals with the future, whereas learning deals with synthesizing data about the past.
When I hunt for examples of what I call “learning” that hinge on deciding, the results I find are of the subset of learning that I call experimentation. For instance, to learn whether peaches will grow in my yard, I planted a peach tree and then will observe it for several years.